Holbæk, Denmark

This replication plan orients to municipal EVs fleet and will focus on examining how selected REEFLEX tools and technologies can be beneficiated, in the Holbæk context, to offer smart charging, for municipal fleet, aiming at intelligently managing EV charging not to overload or destabilise the grid. The smart controlled one-directional charging, and relevant available data, aggregated on an hourly (minimum basis) will be made available. Currently near real-time (even down to 15 min granularity) data availability exists, to test the most fitted to this plan. This replication plan will be developed and tested based on the currently existing ~200 charging points (22kWe). In addition, the consideration of a school, equipped with solar rooftops (208 kWp) and a flow-battery (10 kW/100 kWh) will be examined, to validate the extent to which this own produced solar power can provide Demand Side Management services to the local DSO. This replication plan is relevant to BUC#1 and BUC#7.
Holbæk Municipality can also provide monitoring data, such as battery-level, consumption, and number of chargers in relation to the load of the EVs, taking benefit of the GPS-units installed into the EVs. It would be feasible and relevant, to deliver data regarding the CO2 emissions according to the consumed energy mixture, within the boundaries of Holbæk Municipality, which must be reported in the annual ‘green accounting’.
For this replication plan, Holbæk Municipality can provide real-time data concerning the charging and amount of kilowatt charged, as well as data describing the use of EVs on an aggregated level, to meet GDPR rules. In case data related to daily kilometres driven, the municipality must ask for permission from every respondent in the survey or from the charging station operator.

The social study will be two-fold focusing on the citizens’ present and future situation/needs/wishes before and after the placement of the 171 charging points. The citizens’ needs for charging points, their necessary key characteristics (e.g., physicality/availability, price-structure, power output etc.), as well as the citizens’ interest in V2G, will be explored following several surveys. In addition to them, citizens’ opinion, and feedback for some of the REEFLEX developed findings and solutions will also be acquired.

This replication plan aims at conducting a feasibility study for the use of V2G instead of one-directional EV charging, applicable for the scheme of “our public case” individually, beneficiating from the future roll-out and placing of 171 charging points aimed at serving the needs of Holbæk Municipality’s citizens. This scheme can be applied only to residential buildings, owned by private owners and not municipal buildings ones, due to legal constraints. REEFLEX could support the examination of such a feasibility study, aiming at creating Local Energy Communities, comprising of such private owned homes, where smart public charging can be allowed, offering both benefits to municipal residents, but also services to the grid operators (e.g., DSOs). The feasibility study will be done with a double focus, i.e., i) on today and ii) on short term future citizens' preferences, only in relevance with “our public case”.